Seuraavaksi vähän katsausta Islamin piirissä olevia oppeja homoihin liittyen. Esimerkiksi YLEn Ajankohtaisen kakkosen Islam Illassa imaami Abbas Bahmanpour kertoi seuraavaa:
Imaami esitti homojen tappamista - demarikansanedustaja puhkesi nauramaan
https://www.suomenuutiset.fi/suomeen-sharia-ja-homoilta-henki-pois-demarikansanedustaja-puhkesi-nauramaan/Mellunmäen imaamina toimiva Abbas Bahmanpour totesi Ylen Islam-illassa suorasanaisesti, että homoseksuaalisuus on kielletty, ja että siitä seuraa shariassa kuolemanrangaistus. Ohjelmaan keskustelijana osallistunut työelämä- ja tasa-arvovaliokunnan puheenjohtajana toimiva kansanedustaja Tarja Filatov (sdp.) ei nähtävästi pitänyt asiaa kummoisena pulmana, koska hän puhkesi nauramaan asiaa käsiteltäessä.
Sharia: The Truth about Islamic Law
https://www.thereligionofpeace.com/pages/articles/sharia.aspxIt should be mentioned that Islamic law can be nuanced and complicated. It was codified several centuries after Muhammad and more than one 'school' or version has developed. Although agreeing on the essentials, there is some variation in the details. Sunnis have four slightly different versions to choose from, and Shiites have their own system altogether.
The following sections highlight what Sharia actually says about important issues. References are to the classic manual, Reliance of the Traveller, considered one of the soundest translations of Islamic law. It is part of the Shaf'i school, which is more moderate than some - in fact, the founder was assassinated by adherents of a rival group.
Links to Reliance of the Traveller: (1) (2)
(Literal text from Reliance is in italics).
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Homosexuality
(p17.3) - "The Prophet (Allah Bless him and give him peace) said: "Kill the one who sodomizes and the one who lets it be done to him."
Islam and Homosexuality
https://www.thereligionofpeace.com/pages/quran/homosexuality.aspxQuran
Quran (7:80-84) - "...For ye practice your lusts on men in preference to women: ye are indeed a people transgressing beyond bounds.... And we rained down on them a shower (of brimstone)" - An account that is borrowed from the Biblical story of Sodom. Muslim scholars through the centuries have interpreted the "rain of stones" on the town as meaning that homosexuals should be stoned, since no other reason is given for the people's destruction. (Inexplicably, the story is also repeated in three other suras: 15:74, 27:58 and 29:40).
Quran (7:81) - "Will ye commit abomination such as no creature ever did before you?" This verse is part of the previous text establishing that homosexuality as different from (and much worse than) adultery or other sexual sin. According to the Arabic grammar, homosexuality is called the worst sin, while references elsewhere describe other forms of non-marital sex as being "among great sins."
Quran (26:165-166) - "Of all the creatures in the world, will ye approach males, "And leave those whom Allah has created for you to be your mates? Nay, ye are a people transgressing"
Quran (4:16) - "If two men among you are guilty of lewdness, punish them both. If they repent and amend, Leave them alone" This is the Yusuf Ali translation. The original Arabic does not use the word "men" and simply says "two from among you." Yusuf Ali may have added the word "men" because the verse seems to refer to a different set than referred to in the prior verse (explicitly denoted as "your women"). In other words, since 4:15 refers to "your women", 4:16 is presumably written to and refers to men.
Hadith and Sira
Abu Dawud (4462) - The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, "Whoever you find doing the action of the people of Loot, execute the one who does it and the one to whom it is done." (This is a sahih hadith)
Abu Dawud (4448) - "If a man who is not married is seized committing sodomy, he will be stoned to death." (see also 4447).
Sahih Bukhari (72:774) - "The Prophet cursed effeminate men (those men who are in the similitude (assume the manners of women) and those women who assume the manners of men, and he said, 'Turn them out of your houses .' The Prophet turned out such-and-such man, and 'Umar turned out such-and-such woman."
al-Tirmidhi, Sunan 1:152 - [Muhammad said] "Whoever is found conducting himself in the manner of the people of Lot, kill the doer and the receiver."
Reliance of the Traveller, p17.2 - "May Allah curse him who does what Lot's people did." This is also repeated in three other places.
There are several lesser hadith stating, "if a man comes upon a man, then they are both adulterers," "If a woman comes upon a woman, they are both adulteresses," "When a man mounts another man, the throne of God shakes," and "Kill the one that is doing it and also kill the one that it is being done to." (Abu Dawud 4462 and al-Tirmidhi 1456)
Eikä nämä uskonopit ole jääneet vain kuolleeksi kirjaimeksi - niin kuin kristinuskossa ainakin länsimaissa on käytännössä käynyt - tai vain ISISin kaltaisten terrorijärjestöjen teoiksi:
Homosexuals are beheaded, hanged and stoned in modern Saudi Arabia and Iran, where Muhammad's laws are applied most strictly. Five other Muslim countries have the death penalty on their books for homosexual behavior. In the past, gays were burned.
As one cleric recently put it, the only point of theological debate is not whether the homosexual should be killed, but how it should be done. (See also Fatwa Islamiyah, which advocates burning and stoning).
Zafar Bangash, an imam and journalist who serves as the Director of Contemporary Islamic Thought and president of an Islamic Society chapter in Canada, has openly called for gays to be stoned to death:
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In 2016, an educated imam in Tunisia explained that while it may seem harsh, there is no ambiguity in Islam:
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Ayatollah Abdollah Javadi-Amoli of Iran said, in April of 2012, that homosexuals are inferior to dogs and pigs, since these animals do not engage in such acts (presumably). In November of that year, a cleric on British television stated, "What should be done to those who practice homosexuality? Torture them; punish them; beat them and give them mental torture."
A 2014 fatwa from the mainstream OnIslam.net proclaimed that homosexuality is "abnormal" and abhorrent" and confirmed that gays should be killed: "The punishment for men or women who are unwilling to give up homosexuality and therefore are rejecting the guidance of Allah Most High is in fact death according to Islam."
An imam invited to speak at a Florida mosque in 2016 said that killing gays was an "act of compassion". Above all else, "you have to get rid of them."
Yllä oleva ei tosin tarkoita, että kaikki muslimit kannattaisivat homojen tappamisia tai etteivät ketkään muslimitaustaiset hyväksyisi homoja, mutta keskimäärin asenteet homoja kohtaan ovat muslimien keskuudessa aivan eri tasolla kuin mitä länsimaissa ei-muslimeilla (joitain satoja vuosia sitten Euroopassakin on tilanne voinut olla toinen). Muistaakseni
@Anter Yasa sanoikin suunnilleen (en löytänyt tähän hätään sanatarkkaa lainausta), että jos muslimien keskuudessa asenteet homoja vastaan olisivat vain Päivi Räsäsen tasolla, niin mitään ongelmaa ei olisi, mutta tosiasiassa asenteet ovat todella paljon jyrkempiä ja sisältävät myös tekoja, eikä ainoastaan mielipiteitä. On myös joitain muslimeina itseään pitäviä, joiden mielestä islamin piirissä voitaisiin olla suvaitsevampiakin:
A gay imam's story: 'The dialogue is open in Islam – 10 years ago it wasn't'
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/06/gay-imam-islam-paris-france-mosque/This Pride Month 2019, we spoke to Ludovic-Mohamed Zahed, a gay Algerian imam who founded Europe's first inclusive mosque 10 years ago. He told us about the challenges he and many other young LGBTI Muslims face, and how societies can be made to be more inclusive.
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In 1995, I was able to express my minority identity more openly, but suddenly I had no skills to link my homosexuality to my spirituality.
The only representation of Islam I had ever seen was a fascist, homophobic, misogynistic and antisemitic representation. The ideas I had about homosexuality were religious ones and were quite homophobic.
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I went to Tibet and saw some homophobia there as well. I started telling myself, finally, the problem isn’t religion or Islam in particular: the problem is discrimination, prejudices and ignorance.
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It actually didn’t happen at first – I didn't talk about any of these things with my family. This subject was forbidden, was taboo, and I heard: "If you are like this you will die – people will kill you." There were a lot of threats that were not executed, of course – otherwise I wouldn’t be here.
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From this moment on we didn't speak about it for the next 10 years. It was very strange. But my brother and sister spoke about their relationships with our family, and my mother came to me – I was in my thirties – and said: “You are too private, you should share your life with us.” So I introduced them to my fiancé, and they came to my wedding and we would then go visit them even during Ramadan. We then divorced, which can happen to anyone, but my mother said to me: “What a shame, we really liked your husband.” It’s as it is for everyone – sometimes it doesn’t work out. But my mother learned a lot about homosexuality through us and our relationship.
I am lucky to have been able to move to the West – it would not have been the same in Algeria. We wouldn’t have had the same destiny. There is no freedom there. My family’s future would have been very different. My parents are open, but they have had to cut off many members of their own families. My uncle, after having threatened me with death, then threatened my mother as well. My mother obviously hasn’t spoken to him since – she also paid the price for this.
The German mosque that attracts women imams, gays and death threats
https://www.politico.eu/article/berlin-feminist-mosque-ibn-rushd-goethe-germany-first-liberal-mosque-sparks-debate-in-berlin/BERLIN — As attendees filed out of the Ibn Rushd-Goethe mosque — tucked away in a room on the third floor of a Protestant church in Berlin’s Moabit district — two women whispered furiously at the foot of the stairs.
It was the mosque’s opening day, a Friday in June, and Turkish-German women’s rights activist Seyran Ateş, one of the mosque’s founders, has just delivered the inaugural sermon.
To Elham Manea, the Yemeni-Swiss political science professor who led that morning’s prayers, the mosque — which bans burqas, welcomes homosexuals and allows men and women to pray in a mixed congregation — reflects the social reality “that men and women are equal.”
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The hushed discussion at the foot of the stairs is part of a passionate debate among Germany’s Muslims sparked by the unveiling of the country’s self-proclaimed “first liberal mosque.
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Among Berlin’s Muslim population, it has raised controversial questions about the proper role of Islam in European society and to what degree it can or should be liberalized. Within a few weeks of the mosque’s opening, Ateş received so many death threats that the police put her under 24-hour protection.
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“Most of the mosques here are Muslim Brotherhood or Salafi,” said al-Khutabi, 46, who moved to Germany in 2005 to complete a Ph.D. in history at the Free University of Berlin and has since become a citizen.
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The danger is that most mainstream mosques also promote fundamentalist teachings, which can create parallel societies and discourage integration, she cautioned. “If Muslims want to integrate, they have to liberalize,” she said.
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Al-Hammoud, a 59-year-old Palestinian-German who moved to Berlin in the late 1970s, said he and many other immigrants who’ve lived in Germany for decades still feel like foreigners. His children are engineers who speak German better than Arabic, he said, but his family still feels ostracized.
“[Germans] say that integration just means respecting the law, but as Muslims, they will not accept us unless we leave part of our religion,” al-Hammoud said. “For example, homosexuality. They want us to accept it. I cannot.”
Most Germans don’t understand that Islam is necessarily a social religion, not a purely personal one, al-Hammoud said.
Wikipediaan on kasattu myös informaatiota aiheesta:
LGBT in Islam
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGBT_in_IslamThere is little evidence of homosexual practice in Islamic societies for the first century and a half of the early history of Islam (7th century CE), although male homosexual relationships were known and ridiculed, but not sanctioned, in Arabia. Homoerotic and pederastic themes were cultivated in poetry and other literary genres written in major languages of the Muslim world from the 8th century CE into the modern era. The conceptions of homosexuality found in classical Islamic texts resemble the traditions of Greco-Roman antiquity rather than the modern understanding of sexual orientation.
Homosexual acts are forbidden in traditional Islamic jurisprudence and are liable to different punishments, including stoning and the death penalty,depending on the situation and legal school. However, homosexual relationships were generally tolerated in pre-modern Islamic societies, and historical records suggest that these laws were invoked infrequently, mainly in cases of rape or other "exceptionally blatant infringement on public morals". Public attitudes toward homosexuality in the Muslim world underwent a marked negative change starting from the 19th century through the global spread of Islamic fundamentalist movements such as Salafism and Wahhabism, and the influence of the sexual notions and restrictive norms prevalent in Europe at the time: a number of Muslim-majority countries have retained criminal penalties for homosexual acts enacted under European colonial rule.
In recent times, extreme prejudice, discrimination, and violence against LGBT people persists, both socially and legally, in much of the Muslim world, exacerbated by increasingly conservative attitudes and the rise of Islamist movements. In Afghanistan, Brunei, Iran, Mauritania, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, parts of Somalia,[note 1] United Arab Emirates, and Yemen, homosexual activity carries the death penalty or prison sentences. In other countries, such as Algeria, Bangladesh, Chad, Malaysia, Maldives, Morocco, Pakistan, Qatar, Somalia, and Syria, it is illegal, and penalties may be imposed. Same-sex sexual intercourse is legal in Albania, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Burkina Faso, Djibouti, Guinea-Bissau, Iraq, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon,[note 2] Mali, Niger, Tajikistan, Turkey, Indonesia[note 3], the West Bank (State of Palestine), and Northern Cyprus. Homosexual relations between females are legal in Kuwait, Turkmenistan, Gaza Strip (State of Palestine), and Uzbekistan, but homosexual acts between males are illegal.
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LGBT anti-discrimination laws have been enacted in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina , Kosovo, and Northern Cyprus.
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Egyptian Islamist journalist Muhammad Jalal Kishk also found no punishment for homosexual acts prescribed in the Quran, regarding the hadith that mentioned it as poorly attested. He did not approve of such acts, but believed that Muslims who abstained from sodomy would be rewarded by sex with youthful boys in paradise.
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Societies in Islam have recognized "both erotic attraction and sexual behavior between members of the same sex". However, their attitudes about them have often been contradictory: "severe religious and legal sanctions" against homosexual behavior and at the same time "celebratory expressions" of erotic attraction. Homoeroticism was idealized in the form of poetry or artistic declarations of love from one man to another. Accordingly, the Arabic language had an appreciable vocabulary of homoerotic terms, with dozens of words just to describe types of male prostitutes. Schmitt (1992) identifies some twenty words in Arabic, Persian, and Turkish to identify those who are penetrated.
Gay Muslim: Islam Is No Religion of Peace
https://www.thedailybeast.com/gay-muslim-islam-is-no-religion-of-peace“What’s his name?” I asked my husband as he woke me to tell me of the carnage in Orlando. “It’s going to be a Muslim name.”
I just knew it. I had never been one to racially profile my own community. But this time my premonition was right.
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I’ve spent the last decade of my life making two films. The first, A Jihad For Love, is about the lives of gay Muslims throughout the world. The second, [url=http://asinnerinmecca.com/]A Sinner In Mecca, dealt with my own personal journey and my effort to reconcile my faith and my sexuality in Islam’s holiest places, surrounded by people who would sooner see me publicly beaten, thrown off a cliff or beheaded.
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What I do know is this. As a devout gay Muslim I am not going to make a claim that “Islam is a religion of peace.”
Growing up in a small Indian town with a large Muslim population, I heard young men talking about jihad in Kashmir and Palestine. I have even heard such matters discussed in hushed whispers at Manhattan’s 96th St. mosque, where I sometimes go and pray on Fridays and where subjugation of women is discussed in the open without the blink of an eye. The mosque was built largely with Saudi money, and its Imams often come equipped with the perversions of Wahhabi ideology.
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Calling Islam a religion of peace is dangerous and reductive. Like the other two monotheisms that precede it, it has blood on its hands. It’s time we Muslims start looking inward at our own communities so that the bloodshed can stop. I’m convinced that Mateen’s attitude is not fringe. It can be found everywhere from Mecca to my own mosque in New York City.
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Yes, most Muslims are muddling through life, putting food on their families’ tables just like everyone else. There are countless sectarian divisions within the vast faith. But if even a fraction of a percentage of this population believes gays should be put to death, we have a problem that cannot be dismissed so easily.
Gay Muslim Filmmaker: Orlando Shooting Shows Islam No 'Religion of Peace'
https://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2016-06-13/gay-muslim-filmmaker-orlando-shooting-shows-islam-no-religion-of-peaceAs with other major religions, there’s debate among socially tolerant Muslims about whether there’s a scriptural basis for violence against sexual minorities. Sharma says as with Christianity and Judaism, there’s some textual basis, but others disagree.
“This is not coming out of nowhere -- I’m not an Islamophobe, I’m a devout Muslim, and yet I know if hatred is to be found and sanctioned within Islam’s vast canon, it can be found,” he says.
“We forget, of the 1.6 billion Muslims, a large number would be happy with what happened in Orlando.”
In America, too, he says, some Muslims hostile to homosexuality may quietly approve of the massacre. He plans to visit a mosque in Manhattan on Friday, he says, and would expect “hate and confrontation” if he were to wear a shirt identifying himself as gay. He says Muslim cab drivers are infamous for their homophobia, and he points out footage an imam in Orlando advocating the death penalty for gays is circulating online. (There is at least one gay imam in the U.S. who would disagree.)
Unlike Sharma, Ani Zonneveld, the founder and president of the socially tolerant Muslims for Progressive Values, says she does not believe there’s a textual basis for homophobia in Islam, adding MPV works to offer a counter-narrative that stresses the influence of colonialism and Wahhabism.
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Zonneveld, who is straight and lives in Los Angeles, says MPV’s chapters in cities across the country -- including Atlanta, Chicago and Columbus -- allow anyone to lead sermons and pray “Mecca style,” meaning without gender segregation.
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Zonneveld, born in Malaysia, says she like Sharma dislikes the term “religion of peace” being used to describe Islam today.
“I say the same things. How is it a religion of peace when you see the mayhem in the Islamic world? It’s such a joke. I completely agree with him, but it’s not about Islam, it’s about the Muslims. It’s about how Wahhabism has bastardized Islam,” she says, adding: “The traditional Muslim imams have blood on their hands.”
Zonneveld says there is indeed an undercurrent of homophobia among American Muslims. She says she’s spoken with gay people threatened with violence by members of the families, though points out she doesn’t know of any actual attacks that followed.
On a more optimistic note, however, she points to the results of a 2014 poll that found 42 percent of American Muslims approve of the Supreme Court’s decision that legalized same-sex marriage across the country.
“The problem is none of the mosque leadership has come out against homophobia,” she says. "There are still a lot of professional Muslims who live a double life, they marry with their lesbian friend with an agreement… you can have your partner, I can have my partner.”
Though many gay Muslim-Americans live in fear, she says that unlike in Muslim-majority countries “in America you can actually leave home and run away.”
Jätin kasan mielipidekyselyiden tuloksia eri maista pois nyt tästä viestistä, jottei tästä tulisi niin pitkää, mutta laitan myöhemmin ne erilliseen viestiin.
Aihe: Sateenkaariväestö ja lähi-itäläiset (Luettu 5886 kertaa)